Radiator



E. H. HAUGEN Aug. 1, 1950 RADIATOR 2 SheetsSheet 1 Filed Nov. 8, 1944INVENTOR.

EDMOND H. HAUGEN ATTORNEYS E. H. HAUGEN Aug.'l, 1950 RADIATOR Filed Nov.8, 1944 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 N E .G U MA T H N E. H m

D N O M D E ATTO EYS Patented Aug. 1, 19%

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Application November 8, 1944, Serial No.562,476

1 Claim.

This invention relates to an improvement in radiators of the baseboardtype adapted to approximately fit a space normally occuped by thebaseboard of a wall and to the novel method of fabrication of same. Moreparticularly, this invention relates to a radiator of low height andsmall thickness which is highly efficient and combines both radiant andconvectional heating effacts to fulfill the heating requirements of theroom in which it is installed.

Baseboard radiators are known in the art as evidenced by Murray PatentNo. 1,776,080, but are not commercially used for a number of reasons.The most important of these are their low thermal efiiciency, caused bya number of factors, usually including the poor circulation of air andthe too small area of contact between the circulating air and the heattransfer area, and inefficient heat conduction from the heating mediumto the remainder of the heat transfer section.

It is, accordingly, a primary object of the present invention to providea novel highly efficient radiator of the baseboard type that willfunction both as a radiant and a convection heater.

A further important object of this invention is to provide a novelradiator construction in which the tubes for conducting the heatingmedium are of narrow, lateral cross section and are displaced bothvertically and laterally with respect to each other-to induce adequateflow of circulating air.

A further object of this invention is to provide a novel heat transferassembly comprised of multiple stampings or the like interfitted andwelded, or otherwise secured together, to form multiple 3 laterallyenclosed passages to induce circulation u of air, which, furtherprovides an eflicient radiant heating surface.

Still another object of this invention is to provide improved top coverand end cover plate arrangements for a radiator.

A further important object of this invention is the provision of noveladjustable vane arrangements for controlling the directional flow ofheated air iroma radiator.

A further object of the present invention is to provide improved meansfor mounting radiators of this type.

Still further objects of the invention will appear from the followingdescription and appended claim in conjunction with the attached drawingswherein:

Figure l is a fragmental elevational view of a baseboard radiator madein accordance with the present invention, having cover and end plates.

and broken away to show the heating medium tubes;

Figure 2 is a cross sectional view taken on the line 22 of Figure 1,looking in the direction of the arrows and illustrating especially thestaggered heating fluid conducting tube arrangements;

Figure 3 is a crosssectional view taken substantially on the line 3-4 ofFigure 1, looking in the direction of the arrows, showing the details ofthe vane adjustment assembly;

Figure 4 isa cross sectionalview taken on the line |4 of Figure 2,looking in the direction of the arrows and showing details of theradiator fin construction, the heating medium tubes, and the radiatorsupport bracket;

Figure 5 is a fragmentary perspective view of the upper portion of thesupport bracket with its co-operating anchor clip;

Figure 6 is a rear elevational view (looking from the wall) of the topcover plate;

Figure 7 is a fragmental front elevational view of the assemblyillustrating the details of the juncture of the top cover members;

Figure 8 is a front elevational view showing the details of the righthand end cover plate;

Figure 9 is a side elevation of the right hand end cover plate;

Figure 10 is a plan view of the right hand end cover plate; and

Figure 11 is a partial sectional view taken along the line |lll ofFigure 9 showing the stepped vertical edge of the flue sectionco-operating with the right hand end cover plate.

With continued reference to the drawings, wherein like referencecharacters have been employed to represent like parts throughout theseveral views thereof, and more particularly to Figures 1 through 5, thereference numeral I3 designates in general a room floor, adjected to awall I4 on which the sectional radiator l5 of my invention is mounted.Radiator I5 is enclosed on the top, front and ends by top cover platesl6 for each section, a right hand end closure unit I1, and a left handend closure unit l8. Heating elements l9 and 20, carrying a suitableheating medium, such as steam or hot water, run longitudinally throughthe radiator, which is supported by spaced brackets 2 I.

These heating elements l9 and 20, which are preferably of copper orother water resistant metal are constructed of flat tubing and arelaterally and vertically displaced from each other in the assembly asshown in Figure 2. Tubes I 8 and 20 are arranged with their longer flatsides vertical and are parallel. Their lateral displacement insures alarge turbulence of the upwardly air and their flat shape aifords amaximum of hot surface to be wiped in heat exchange contact with thecirculating air to. be heated.

' Attachednormal to the tubes and 29- a plurality of thin radiatorii'ns22, preferably of copper or other like high heat-dissipating metalusually spaced equidistant from each other. Tubes I! d extend throughsuitable apertures in 22 and are supported thereby. At each extremity 23of each of the fln's 22, the metal is stepped doubly as at 24 and bentin vertical planes so as to provide front and rear vertical faces 25which abut steps 24 of the adjacent fins. The fins 22 are perforated andflanged as at 29 for passage and attachment of the tubes l9 and 25.Rigid union between respective flns, and between the tubes I9, 20 andfins 22, is obtained by brazing, sweating or other suitable means. Whenfins 22, formed as described, are afllxed to tubes i9 and 29, a radiatorstructure is provided wherein the fins deflne laterally enclosed airpassages open at bottomvand top for bringing airto be heated into closeheat exchange contact with the hot tubes 19 and 29 and the large areasoi fins 22 heated by conduction therefrom.

Each bracket 2| is grooved as at 21 to receive the lower end of tube 29,thus supporting the radiator assembly from beneath. Each bracket 2! isattached to the abutting room wall, as by screws 29, and has a narrowvertical strip 29 7 extending upwardlyat the rear of the radiator body.This strip 29 is apertured at 30 to receive the screw 32 or somesuitable means for holding an anchor clip 3| in place. Strip 29 is heldflat against the wall by screws 28 and 32. This anchor clip 3| isstepped outwardly as at 33 to flt over the top ofthe adjacent flat rearfin face 25 of the radiator, and has a slot 34- to allow easy lifting ofthe clip and removal of the radiator upon loosening screws 32. Eachstrip 29 is itself stepped and flanged out at 35 to seat the rearwardbottom portion of thetop cover plate l6, as will be noted hereinafter.In this manner radiator l'5 rests on brackets 2| and is releasably heldin position by clips 3|, which are accessible upon removalpf top coverplate 16.

Each top c'over plate i5 is formed quadrantally in cross section and haslongitudinal louvers 36 stamped through it to provide a circulatoryeffect in the heated air rising from the radiator passages below. Eachlouver has a radially projecting inner flange 35'. The frontal part ofeach top cover plate I 6 is stepped as at 31 (Figure 2) to extend overthe front fin faces 25 of the radiator, and the rearward portion ofcover [5 is flanged downwardly at 38 to fit frictionally behind flange35 of the bracket strip 29, thus making a flush joint at the rear of theradiator. An internal angle bracket 39, attached to cover plate is as byrivets 40 and 4|, stiflens the cover plate and provides a base for thedeflector vane mentioned below. In addition, a reinforcing and clampingstrip 42 is fastened between the bracket 39 and the flange 31 so thatthe adjacent radiator front flat 25 is flrmly frictionally grippedbetween strip 42 and the flange 31. By this, and by the locking actionof co-operating flanges '35 and 39, the cover plate is held flrmly inplace, but may be easily removed at any time.

A deflector vane 43 extending substantially throughout the length ofeach radiator section rests on the corner of the bracket 39 and'freelypivots thereon. The angularity of this vane is adjustable by means ofcontrols operating in slots 45 cutin the curvilinear surface of coverplate ll.

Vane 43 is attached by rivets 45 to curved end on the edges of theadjacent slot 45. By' this arrangement the convectional upward flowof 1heated air may be'selectively directed to various of the several louversby alignment with a selected flange 39' or outward at a specified angle,as may be desired.

The radiator'body l5 and the cover plates l9 are manufactured inconvenient section lengths suitable for jointure to fill a given linearspace at the baseboard of a room wall. To eflect this union duringassembly, the abutting ends of the heating tubes l9 and 20 are joined bysuitable fluid tight means such as a common enclosing sleeve (not shown)sweated, brazed, or otherwise attached to the adjoining tube ends whilethe adjacent flns of the juxtaposed sections of the radiators are joinedtogether by filler plates 25' and fastened as are the individual finsabove described. Filler plates 25' are shaped similarly to the verticalfaces 25 of the fins and are aflixed at opposite edges to the adjacentinterfitting fins.

To conceal the space intervening between-adjacent cover plates l5 and topresent a more pleasing appearance, a narrow joint cover strip 59,formed so as to pass over the entire portion of the joint as viewed fromthe front, passing down over and bridging adjacent front flats 25 andsuitably crimped at its extremities to fit over the rear ofthe coverplate i5 and the bottom of the radiator body 15, is supplied, Theadjacent ends of top cover plate It are notched to provide a recess 5|to allow the strip 59 tolie flush against the room wall, coplanar withthe flange 38. A recess 52 allows the strip 59 to become coplanar withthe stepped flange 31 for like reasons. Thus viewed from the front, theradiator presents a substantially flat surface formed by flats 25,surmounted by cover I5. I

To close the end of the radiator and to provide space for a suitablereturn bend or similar connection between the heating tubes l9 and 29.end cover plates 53 and 54 are supplied. Referring to Figures 1, and 8through 11, the front vertical surface 55, which upon installation iscoplanar with the flats 25, is stepped at its left hand edge as at 56for purposes described below. The flat portion 55 has vertical grooves51 stamped or pressed in it to ornamentally simulate the jointures ofthe flns of the radiator between plates 53 .and 54, so as to presenta-uniform, pleasing appearance. The grooves 51 are terminated belowupper edge 59, although the flat 55 continues in the same plane. Thecurvilinear portion 59 of the end plate 53 consists of a narrow striphaving its end flanged over at 60 as shown. The end face 51 of the endplate is crimped under as at 82, and the front face 55 is simularlybeaded as at 53. To provide a co-operating surface for the end plate 53,adjacent cover plate I5 is stepped as at 54 (Figure, 6), similarly tostep 56. This step extends over the entire curvilinear portion 59 andover the rearward flange 38. In addition, a step 55 is cut from theflange 31 as shown.

In assembly the end cover'plate fits on as follows. The curved portion59 fits over the step 94 and flange 59, and likewise flts over flange 33of the cover plate ii. The edge 58 fits under flange 31 between it andclamping strip 42, in like manner to the radiator flats 25. This ispossible since the cover plate i5 extends beyond the radiator finsproper for the width of the end plate 53. The stepped edge 58 fits underthe fiat 25 of the last fin in the radiator body, and the whole assemblyis so designed and manufactured as to be sprung into place on assembly,thus insuring a snug, easily demountable fit.

The left hand end closure plate 5 2 is similar to plate 53, except thatit is oppositely constructed so as to fit the other end of the radiator.However, its inner edge is not stepped as at 53, but is coplanar withthe corresponding front surface 35, so as to fit over the step 24 ofadjacent fin 22. In all other respects, the end plate 56 fits on in asimilar manner to that of plate. 53.

Suitable fittings may be provided for connecting tubes 19 and 20 to thesteam or hot water supply and return pipes, as desired.

It will be seen from the foregoing description that I have invented asimple, sturdy, eflicient radiator of novel construction, which can beassembled in any convenient length, by using the required number ofsections, as desired. In addition, it is easily demountable for cleaningand repair without the use of special tools of any sort. The high heattransfer properties of the material used, plus the convectional actionof the adjacent vertical passages working in conjunction With thelouvers and deflecting vanes, guarantee a high heat output for a givenamount of heating medium transmitted. The flat shape of the heatingtubes is adapted for greatest efficiency, as such a design radiates moreheat per unit of cross sectional area than a conventional circular tube,offers less resistance to the upward flow of heated air in the radiator,and holds the amount of heating medium temperature stratification to aminimum. Since installation will be near the floor where air currentsare strongest, there will be a minimum temperature zone effect thatmight render room heating in'eflicient.

The number of radiator sections employed is predetermined by calculationof the heating requirements.

The invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departingfrom the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. embodiments aretherefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and notrestrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appendedclaim rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes whichcome within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claim aretherefore considered to be embraced therein.

The invention is not limited to the use of only two laterally offsetheating tubes as illustrated, but may comprise a plurality of laterallyoffset tubes, for example as many as six or eight tubes arranged instaggered relation in separate horizontal layers.

What is claimed and desired to be secured by United States LettersPatent is:

The present In an elongated box-like baseboard radiator, a pair ofhorizontally extending substantially parallel lengths of fluidconducting tubing mounted in vertically and laterally displacedrelation, each of said lengths of tubing being relatively fiat andnarrow in crosssection and being disposed with their longer fiat sidessubstantially vertical, a plurality of substantially rectangular finssecured to and arranged perpendicularly to said tubing length and spacedalong said tubing and extending substantially from top to bottom of thebody of said radiator for providing a plurality of individual generallyvertical passages for movement of air to be heated past said tubing,said fins being sheet metal plates having their front and rear ends bentto form the front and rear walls of said vertical passages, and alongitudinally extending cover providing a longitudinal passage alongthe top of said radiator above said fins so connected with the upperends of said fins that said vertical passages separately open into saidlongitudinal cover, said longitudinal passage being apertured fordischarging heated air from said radiator along the length of saidradiator.

EDMOND H. HAUGEN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 883,103 Evarts Mar. 24, 19081,334,749 Gleockle Mar. 23, 1920 1,582,286 Little Apr. 27, 19261,764,187 Trane June 17, 1930 1,775,257 Shurtlefi Sept. 9, 19301,790,535 Coe Jan. 27, 1931 1,816,604 Murray July 28, 1931 1,834,931Bennett et al Dec. 8, 1931 1,853,331 Bates Apr. 12, 1932 1,861,484Stevenson June 7, 1932 1,896,413 Modine Feb. 7, 1933 1,907,036 BelleauMay 2, 1933 1,907,527 Erskine May 9, 1933 1,914,197 Davis Jr. et al June13, 1933 1,914.199 Davis Jr. et al June 13, 1933 1,914,200 Davis Jr. etal June 13, 1933 1,956,617 Jafie May 1, 1934 2,119,256 Kacena May 31,1938 2,225,104 Fader Dec. 17, 1940 2,229,128 Reynolds Jan. 21, 19412,250,330 Eastwood et al July 22, 1941 2,324,858 Levine July 20, 1943FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 304,272 Great Britain Feb. 20, 1930

